Abstract

Periodontal and peri-implant regeneration is the technique that aims to restore the damaged
tissue around teeth and implants. They are surrounded by a different apparatus, and according to it,
the regenerative procedure can differ for both sites. During the last century, several biomaterials and
biological mediators were proposed to achieve a complete restoration of the damaged tissues with
less invasiveness and a tailored approach. Based on relevant systematic reviews and articles searched
on PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases, data regarding different biomaterials were extracted
and summarized. Bone grafts of different origin, membranes for guided tissue regeneration, growth
factors, and stem cells are currently the foundation of the routinary clinical practice. Moreover, a
tailored approach, according to the patient and specific to the involved tooth or implant, is mandatory
to achieve a better result and a reduction in patient morbidity and discomfort. The aim of this review
is to summarize clinical findings and future developments regarding grafts, membranes, molecules,
and emerging therapies. In conclusion, tissue engineering is constantly evolving; moreover, a tailormade
approach for each patient is essential to obtain a reliable result and the combination of several
biomaterials is the elective choice in several conditions.